New Update Question Bank of Crop Botany (204)

Question Bank of Crop Botany (204)

(1) Ecology:

(a) Define ecology. (14)

(b) Briefly describe different types of ecology. (14)   
                    

(2) Ecological factors:

(a) Classify ecological factors. (14)

(c) Describe how topographic factor affect crop growth and development. (14)                                                                                                                 

(d) Describe the effect of biotic factors on plant growth and development. (12)

(e) Write down the factors of climate. (11)

(f) C3 plants grow better comparatively in low land and C4 plants in top hilly land-Example. (10, 12, 15)

(3) Light:

(a) Classify plant based on Light Stimulation Point (LSP). Briefly describe them with examples. (10, 12, 15)

(b) What is meant by light quality? How does it affect photosynthesis and seed germination, Explain. (11, 13)

(c) What is photoperiodism? Dark period is more important than light period for flowering, Explain. (11)

(d) What is “timing mechanism”? Describe the role of dark period in the flowering process. (13)

(4) Temperature:

(a) Briefly describe the various methods of modifying soil temperature to improve crop production. (10)

(b) Describe the soil temperature profile. (10, 13)

(c) Briefly describe the various methods of modifying soil temperature to improve crop production. (13)

(d) What do you mean by heat capacity and conductivity? (13)

(e) Describe briefly the role of temperature in plant growth, development and distribution. (12)

(5) Water:

(a) Briefly describe the significance of water in the life of plants. (10, 12)

(b) How does visible water exist in the atmosphere? (10)

(c) Give the significance of fog in crop production. (10)

(d) Classify precipitation; Describe frontal precipitation. (10)

(e) What is precipitation? Narrate the different types of precipitation. (10, 12)

(f) Classify atmospheric water. (14)

(g) Describe the significance of dew in crop production. (14)

(h) Differentiate between physiological and physical drought; Mention the possible measures to overcome them. (14)                                                     
 (i) Discuss the causes and effect of drought on crop production. (12)  
                
(6) Wind:

(a) Briefly describe the effect of wind in crop production. (12, 14)

(7) Micro and macro environment:

(a) What is micro and macro climate? (14)

(b) What do you meant by climate? Distinguish between macro and micro climate. (11, 15)

(c) Write down the factors affecting micro and macro climate; Differentiate between them. (10, 12)

(d) Describe various methods of manipulate micro climate for the improvement of crop production. (14, 15)

(8) Adaptation:

(a) What do you mean by adaptation? (10)

(b) What is xerophytes? (10, 12)

(c) Write about the adaptation of xerophytes. (10, 12)

(d) Classify hydrophytes (13); Write down the characteristics of submerged hydrophytes. (10, 12)

(e) What do you mean by hydrophytes and mesophytes?

(f) Classify xerophytes. (11)

(g) Discuss the anatomical adaptations of hydrophytes and xerophytes. (11)

(h) Discuss the different stages of a (hydrosere-11, 13, 15, xerosere-12, 14)

(i) Mention the causes of formation of mangrove forests on the southern most part of Bangladesh. (10)

(j) Narrate in brief the heliophytic and sciophytic adaptation with examples. (11, 13)

(k) Describe the morphological and anatomical adaptation of (hydrophytes-13, 15, xerophytes-14)

(l) Briefly describe the adaptive feature of halophytes. (15)

(9) Ecosystem:

(a) Define ecosystem. (10, 11, 13)

(b) Write down the different components of ecosystem. (10)

(c) Classify ecosystem. (11, 13)

(d) Give an account energy flow in ecosystem. (11)

(e) What is food chain? Describe the different types of food chain. (13)

(f) Describe the function of different components of a pond ecosystem. (13)

(g) Describe the components of a pond ecosystem. (10, 15)

(h) Discuss the mangrove forest of Bangladesh under the following heads;                                                                                                               

(i)Area distribution, (ii) Ecological condition,(iii)Floristic composition. (15)

(j) Briefly describe the components of an agro-ecosystem. (11, 13)                                 (10) Biological cycle in ecosystem:

(i) With suitable diagram briefly describe the hydrological cycle in nature. (14)

(10) Plant Succession:  

(a) Define plant succession (11, 13, 15);

(b) Describe the first and last stages of hydrach succession. (10)

(c) Write the causes of plant succession. (11, 13)                                  

(d) Describe the essential causes of plant succession. (15)

(12) Phytogeography:

(b) Give the salient features of AEZ of Bangladesh. (AEZ-10 in 10, AEZ-11 and 27 in 12, AEZ-28 in 13, AEZ-12 in 15)

7. Explain the following terms; (i) Plant population and community, (ii) Ecology and ecosystem, (iii) Food chain and food web, (iv) Habitat and niche, (v) Biological cycle and carbon cycle. (15)

(11) Pollution:

(a) What is meant by pollution? (11)

(b) What is greenhouse effect? (11, 13)

(c) Describe the causes of ozone layer depletion. (11, 13)

 (e) Discuss the greenhouse effect on agriculture. (11)

(f) Discuss the greenhouse effect on climate. (11)

(12) Biodiversity:

(a) What is biodiversity? Discuss why biodiversity conservation is so important. (11)

(b) Discuss the causes of extinction of biodiversity. (11)

(c) Write down why phytodiversity conservation is so important. (14)        (d) Calculate Shannon diversity index from the following two plant community and make comments. (14)

                            Community-1

	Species	Frequency value
1	Leucas sp.	7
2	Melilotus sp.	10
3	Lippia sp.	5
4	Blumea sp.	8
5	Tridax sp.	9

                           Community-2                           

	Species	Frequency value
1	Blumea sp.	10
2	Argemone sp.	12
3	Cassia sp.	5
4	Tridax sp.	7
5	Leucas sp.	9
6	Abutilon sp.	6

Short Notes:

(a) Belt transects. (15)

(b) Photoperiodism. (15, 12, 10)

(c) Shannon diversity index. (15)

(d) Ecological pyramid. (15, 12, 11, 10)

(e) Nitrogen cycle. (15)

(f) Phytograph. (14)

(g) Mesophytes. (14)

(h) Agroecosystem. (14)

(i) Biological spectrum. (14)

(j) Ecological niche. (14)

(k) Red data book. (13)

(l) Biotic factor. (13, 11)

(m) Greenhouse gases. (13)

(n) Water cycle. (12)

(o) Sulphur cycle. (11)

(p) Lithosphere. (11, 10)

(r) Significance of fog in agriculture. (11)

(s) Waste management. (10)

(t) Principle of crop-weed association. (11)

Weather and Climate:

(a) What is weather? (10, 12)

(b) State the wind, temperature and rainfall characteristics of pre-monsoon warm summer climate of Bangladesh. (10, 12)

(c) Write down the Fhlon’s classification of world climate including its relationship to Koppen’s classification. (10, 12) 

 (g) Classify world climate according to Koppen. (11)

(h) Differentiated between weather and climate. (13)

(i) Give the climatic classification of Bangladesh. (13)

(j) Outline features of climatic classification proposed by Thornwait. (13)         

(k) State the characteristic features of Monsoon climate and its impact on Bangladesh agriculture. (13)